laws of thought -k8凯发

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ilovesuica jul 20, 2020

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the law of contradiction
1. for all propositions p, it is impossible for both p and not p to be true.
the law of excluded middle
1. either p or ∼p must be true, there being no third or middle true proposition between them.
the principle of identity
1. if a propositional function f is true of an individual variable x, then f is true of x.
2. a thing is identical with itself, simply that x is x.

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